Sweden

Year of introduction System  Calibre
1864 Hagström M/1864 chamber loader  12.17 mm (NF)
1867 Remington Rolling Block M/1867  12.17 x 42R (RF)
1889 Remington Rolling Block M/1889  8 x 58R
1894 Mauser M/1894 carbine  6.5 x 55
1896 Mauser M/1896  6.5 x 55
1942 Ljungman M/1942 semi-automatic rifle  6.5 x 55

 

Remarks about the table above:

The purpose of the table is to give an overview of the development of the systems that were issued to the land forces. The model designations, mentioned by the system names are indicative. Different model designations, but with the same system and calibre, are not mentioned separately. Calibre modifications can be relevant for showing the technical borders of a certain system. Therefore calibre modifications are mentioned. NF stand for Needle Fire, RF stand for Rim Fire.

 

Mauser system M1894 carbine is mentioned because it was adopted before the Mauser system M1896 rifle.

 

Background information

Political reunion between Sweden and Norway occurred in 1814 as a result of events related to the Napoleonic Wars. Denmark, a supporter of Napoleon, had ruled Norway since 1450 but agreed as part of the Treaty of Kiel in 1814, to cede the country of Norway to Sweden as a compensation for Sweden's loss of Finland to Russia. From 1814 until 1905 Sweden and Norway were the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. Therefore, for information about Swedish rifles and cartridges during that period, see also Norway.

 

 

 

Remington Rolling Block M/1867

During the period 1865 to 1867 Sweden conducted breech-loading trails with Remingtons, Peabodys, Spencers and Henry rifles and the Remington action was favoured. In 1866 the Norway and Sweden Joint Firearms Committee agreed that the optimum calibre for the Remington schould be between 10,5 and 11 mm.

 

Sweden however had 30,000 calibre 4 linjer M1860 and M1864/65 muzzle loading percussion rifles, whilst the Norwegians had 12,000 existing calibre 4 linjer M/1860 Lund and Landmark breech loading rifles, so it was decided to initially convert these weapons to Remington action as a cost saving measure. A Swedish linje was an old fashioned unit measurement equating to 2.969 mm. A complication was that length of the Norwegian linje was slightly different to de Swedish linje. It was agreed however that the Remington calibre would be set at 4.1 Swedish linjer (3.88 Norwegian linjer) or 12.17 mm which would cater for the calibres of both kingdoms.

 

The Remington rolling block action was adopted in Norway and Sweden on 8 May 1867. The calibre chosen was 12,17 x 42R rim fire, originally designated by the Swedish and Norwegian army as calibre 4 linjer. Initially 10,000 rifles and 20,000 actions were purchased from Remington in 1867, together with the US manufactured machinery for licensed production in Scandinavia.

 

Origin Manufactory Markings Production
USA Remington Remingtons Ilion N.Y. USA 30.000
Sweden Carl Gustaf Stads Gevärsfaktori C and crown small numbers
Sweden Husqvarna Vapenfabriks AB H 83,000
Sweden Karlborgs Tygstation Cb and crown small numbers
Norway Hovedarsenalet Chritiana A and Ccown unknown
Norway Kongsberg Våpenfabrik K and crown 58,450
Sweden Kristianstads Tygstation Ch unknown

Source: Robert Wilsey, one of the authors of Classic Arms & Militaria.

 

 

Credits